UCLA survey reveals COVID-related hate incidents among Asian Americans, NHPIs

UCLA survey reveals COVID-related hate incidents among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders

2022 preliminary estimates from the California Health Interview Survey show long-term health impacts and significant drop in risk reduction behaviors

Media Contact:
UCLA CHPR Communications Team

Since the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States has seen an alarming rise in hate incidents targeting Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, prompting the passing of the COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act, which was signed by President Biden in May 2021.

Preliminary data released today by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research’s California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) found that more than 1 in 12 (8%) Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) adults in California experienced a hate incident due to COVID-19. Of those who experienced a hate incident, 84% said they sustained verbal abuse or insults.

The survey also found that more than 1 in 5 (22%) AANHPI adults had witnessed another AANHPI person being treated unfairly due to their race/ethnicity. The findings are part of a series of COVID-related questions asked of AANHPI adults between February and May 2022, and made available on the CHIS Preliminary COVID-19 Estimates Dashboard.

“The California Health Interview Survey 2020 data found that about 4% of Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders had been treated unfairly because of their race/ethnicity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The data released today show that percentage has doubled,” says Ninez A. Ponce, PhD, MPP, UCLA CHPR director and CHIS principal investigator. “Hate incidents can cause long-term psychological and physical trauma, so it’s critical that we provide timely data on often overlooked racial and ethnic groups so that decision-makers can take steps to put an end to hate incidents in California.”

In addition to the AANHPI data, CHIS released June 2022 findings from a series of COVID-19 questions on Californians’ experiences with long COVID, views on vaccines and boosters, personal and financial impacts of the pandemic, and risk reduction behaviors.

About 1 in 3 (33%) California adults who have had COVID-19 are experiencing long COVID symptoms. Lower-income adults were more than twice as likely to experience long COVID compared to the highest-income adults: 52% of adults at 0–99% of the federal poverty level (FPL) and 53% of adults at 100–199% FPL had long COVID, compared to 22% of adults at 300% FPL and above.

More California adults went maskless in June 2022, with more than 1 in 5 (22%) California adults saying they never wore a mask when leaving their home in the past week, compared to 8% who never wore a mask in February–March.

Additional findings from the June 2022 release: 

Personal/Financial Impacts of the Pandemic

• ​1 in 6 (17%) California adults experienced a reduction in income or work hours.
• More than 1 in 8 (13%) California adults had financial difficulties with basic necessities, such as paying bills, tuition, and affording groceries. Adults with less than a high school degree (20%) were significantly more likely than adults with a bachelor’s (8%) or graduate degree (4%) to experience these financial difficulties. 
• More than 1 in 5 (21%) of California adults with the lowest incomes (0–99% of the federal poverty level) lost their jobs due to layoffs, business closures, and market changes, more than double the 8% of California adults with the highest incomes (300% of the federal poverty level and above) who lost their jobs.

Long COVID

• ​43% of Latinx adults experienced long COVID symptoms compared to 25% of white adults.
• Adults who have a risk factor, such as asthma, diabetes, or high blood pressure, had similar rates of long COVID, compared to adults who did not have a risk factor: 37% vs. 31%, respectively.

COVID-19 Vaccines and Boosters

• ​More than half (53%) of California adults that were not fully vaccinated cited concerns about side effects as the reason why they weren’t vaccinated. More than 1 in 3 unvaccinated adults said the vaccine is unnecessary (38%) or the vaccine was developed too quickly (36%).
• 1 in 10 (10%) fully vaccinated California adults were not at all likely or not very likely to receive a COVID-19 booster shot.
• 70% of fully vaccinated older adults ages 65+ have already received a booster, compared to 49% of adults ages 18–64. 
• More than half (54%) of California adults who are not fully vaccinated or who are fully vaccinated but unlikely to receive a booster said they wouldn’t get the booster because they felt it’s unnecessary. 

Risk Reduction Behaviors

• ​About 1 in 2 Asian (50%) and Black or African American (52%) adults and more than 1 in 3 (37%) of Latinx adults said they always wore a mask, compared to 1 in 5 (20%) white adults. 
• 45% of adults in Los Angeles County said they always wore a mask when leaving their homes compared to 14% of adults in Northern/Sierra counties and the Sacramento area. Among other California regions, 20% of adults in the Central Coast, 25% of adults in other Southern California regions, 36% of adults in the San Joaquin Valley and Greater Bay Area always wore a mask.

Source of COVID-19 News and Information

• ​35% of California adults got most of their COVID-19 information from television, which was the top source. Social media came in second with 20%, and newspaper and government agencies were both the top source for 10% of Californians. 
• Adults ages 65 years and older were twice as likely as adults ages 18–64 to get their COVID-19 news from television: 57% vs. 29%. About 1 in 4 (24%) adults ages 18–64 received most of their COVID-19 news from social media, six times higher than adults ages 65 years and older (4%).

Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander-Specific Questions 

• ​13% of AANHPI adults had difficulties performing work due to poor internet or lack of computer. 
• AANHPI adults were more positive about the local government’s response to COVID-19 compared to the federal government: Nearly 2 in 3 (64%) AANHPI adults said they agree or strongly agree that the local government had done a good job managing the COVID-19 outbreak compared to 50% who agree or strongly agree that the federal government had done a good job. About 1 in 4 (24%) of AANHPI adults disagree or strongly disagree that the federal government had done a good job. 
• Among AANHPI adults who experienced financial difficulties due to COVID-19, 54% had trouble paying utilities and 49% had trouble paying rent.

View the 2022 CHIS Preliminary COVID-19 Estimates Dashboard.​